> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.topograph.co/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Czechia

> Country-specific identifiers, data sources, and implementation details

<Warning>
  This guide is outdated and will be removed on 1 November 2026. The up-to-date Czechia reference is on the [Czechia country page](https://www.topograph.co/countries/cz).
</Warning>

## Start here

This guide contains public integration notes for Czechia. Use it for identifier formats, search behavior, and country-specific caveats. The live source of truth for coverage, pricing, data sources, documents, legal forms, roles, and status values is the pricing page.

<Card title="Czechia coverage, pricing, and sources" icon="arrow-up-right-from-square" href="https://topograph.co/pricing/cz">
  Open the current catalog for supported datapoints, documents, sources, identifiers, and availability.
</Card>

<Note>
  Country details below are preserved as integration notes. If a table or example conflicts with the live pricing page, use the pricing page as the source of truth and contact support.
</Note>

## Data Sources

Czechia uses multiple official registers orchestrated through ARES. For a given entity, data is assembled from ARES as the discovery layer, then enriched from the primary source register indicated by ARES. The primary source takes precedence for overlapping attributes.

### Registers

* **ARES (Administrative Register of Economic Subjects)** -- Operated by the Ministry of Finance (`ares.gov.cz`), ARES is the central discovery layer for all Czech entities. It aggregates data from over a dozen underlying registers and provides: company name, legal form, registered address, activity codes (CZ-NACE), registration/dissolution dates, tax identifiers (DIC/DPH), and registration statuses across all connected registers (VR, RZP, DPH, IR, etc.). ARES also indicates a **primary data source** per entity, which decides which register enriches the profile.
* **VR (Commercial Register)** -- The Obchodni rejstrik, operated by the Ministry of Justice (`or.justice.cz`). Contains detailed data for legal entities registered in the commercial register: legal name, registered address, share capital, legal form, business purpose, legal representatives (`Statutarni organ`), shareholders (`Spolecnici`), and dissolution/deletion information. Its collection of deeds (Sbirka listin) is the source for **Financial Statements** and **Articles of Association** documents.
* **RZP (Trade Licensing Register)** -- The Rejstrik zivnostenskeho podnikani (`rzp.cz`). Contains business license data for sole traders and other trade-licensed entities: legal name, registered address, registration date, licensed activities, and the licence holder. Also the source for **Trade Register Extract PDF** documents.
* **ESM (Register of Beneficial Owners)** -- The Evidence skutečných majitelů, operated by the Ministry of Justice (`esm.justice.cz`). Closed to the public since December 2025, so a local partner obtains the official full extract. Source of the **Ultimate Beneficial Owners** datapoint and the **Beneficial Ownership Extract** document.
* **VIES (EU VAT Information Exchange System)** -- When an entity is registered for VAT, its VAT number is validated against VIES and the result, including a consultation number, is returned in the `company` datapoint.

<Note>
  **ARES is the orchestration hub.** Every company profile request starts with ARES for discovery and base attributes. ARES indicates a primary source per entity (Commercial Register, Trade Licensing Register, or others), and complementary data is fetched from that source. If the primary source fetch fails, available data from ARES alone is used. If no primary source is indicated, both VR and RZP are queried (best-effort).
</Note>

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="How does the multi-source orchestration work?">
    1. **ARES** is always queried first to discover the entity and get base attributes (name, address, legal form, activity codes, identifiers, status)
    2. ARES indicates a **primary source**:
       * Commercial Register (VR): VR data (legal reps, shareholders, capital, status, legal form) is merged into the ARES base
       * Trade Licensing Register (RZP): RZP data (name, address, registration date, activities, licence holder) is merged
       * Other or none: both VR and RZP are queried, and any available data is merged
    3. For overlapping attributes (e.g., legal name, address), the **primary source takes precedence** over ARES
    4. **Enrichment** is applied as a final step: activities get ISIC codes, status gets standardized classification, and a legal form that has no standardized category yet (Commercial Register legal-form text, or an ARES code outside the official mapping) is classified with a standardized category and ISO 20275 code
    5. **VIES** validates the VAT number when the entity is registered for VAT
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Company Identifiers

`company.identifiers.euid` is an optional European Unique Identifier. Domestic s.r.o. and a.s. companies. Example: `CZVROR.04234651`. It is returned as an output identifier and cannot be used as a search input. See [EUID coverage and interpretation](/essentials/euid).

### Query Identifiers

| Company Type | Source | Format | Example | Notes |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| **All entities** | ARES | 8 digits (ICO) | `45274649` | Spaces are stripped (e.g., `19188 889` becomes `19188889`) |

<Tip>
  **ICO Format:** The ICO (Identifikacni cislo osoby) is always 8 digits. Input with spaces is tolerated -- they are automatically stripped before processing.
</Tip>

### Identifiers in API Response

Once you retrieve company data, the `identifiers` object contains all available identifiers for that entity:

| Identifier Type | Format | Example | Found In |
| - | - | - | - |
| `ico` | 8 digits | `45274649` | All entities |
| `dic` | CZ + 8-10 digits | `CZ45274649` | Tax-registered entities (normalized with CZ prefix) |
| `VAT` | 8-10 digits (CZ prefix removed) | `45274649` | Only when ARES confirms active DPH (VAT) status |

<Warning>
  **VAT vs DIC:** The `dic` (Tax Identification Number) is always returned when available and keeps the CZ prefix. The `VAT` identifier carries the same number without the CZ prefix, and is only set when ARES confirms the entity has **active DPH (VAT) registration status**. We do not synthesize VAT from ICO or query the DPH register separately. For sole traders and individuals, the VAT number may have 9-10 digits and can differ from the ICO.
</Warning>

### Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)

GLEIF is the supplementary data source for this identifier.

`company.identifiers.lei` is optional. It is returned when the IČO (`ico`) matches exactly one LEI through a GLEIF registration or validation reference.

The [Legal Entity Identifier](https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/introducing-the-legal-entity-identifier-lei) has 20 uppercase alphanumeric characters, ending in two check digits.

Coverage varies by entity. An absent `lei` does not prove that the company has no LEI. Lapsed, retired or merged LEIs may be returned; annulled LEIs are excluded.

## Search Capabilities

| Search Type | Pattern | Example | Match Type | Expected Results |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| By ICO | 8 digits | `45274649` | Exact | Exact match returned first (matchType: id); other results may follow |
| By ICO (with spaces) | Digits with spaces | `19188 889` | Exact | Exact match returned first (matchType: id, spaces stripped); other results may follow |
| By Name | Text string (2-200 chars) | `"PalmApp Tech s.r.o."` | Contains/partial | Multiple results (up to 30) |

<Tip>
  **Search Performance:** Use ICO-based searches for best performance and exact matching. Name searches query ARES and may return up to 30 results. If a name search returns too many results, ARES will return an error suggesting a more specific search term.
</Tip>

<Note>
  **VAT number search:** A VAT number with the CZ prefix (e.g. `CZ45274649`) is accepted as a search input and looked up as an ICO, so it finds companies whose VAT number is CZ + ICO. VAT numbers of individuals based on a birth number are not found; search those by ICO or name.
</Note>

### Active companies only

Search can return companies that are no longer active. Each result carries the register's status, so [`activeOnly=true`](/essentials/search#active-companies-only) removes the inactive ones. Every result carries the register status. Companies in liquidation still count as active until they are removed.

## Company Status

Company status is determined from ARES registration statuses across multiple registers (VR, RES, RZP, DPH, IR). The logic is **deterministic** -- no AI inference is involved for status determination. AI enrichment is applied afterward for standardization only.

### Status Determination Logic

| Condition | Local Status | Standardized Status | Notes |
| - | - | - | - |
| Active in any register (VR, RES, DPH, RZP) | Active | Active | Any active registration means the entity is active |
| In liquidation (VR or RES shows `V LIKVIDACI`) | In Liquidation | Active | Treated as active -- entity still exists |
| Insolvency register (IR) active AND entity active | Under Insolvency Proceedings | Under Insolvency Proceeding | Reflects proceedings, not outcome |
| VR or RES shows `ZRUSENY` (and not active elsewhere) | Dissolved | Closed | Entity has been removed from register |
| RES cessation date (`datumZaniku`) present | Dissolved | Closed | Overrides all other signals |
| Commercial Register shows a deletion date, a removal, or bankruptcy | Closed | Closed | Replaces the ARES status, with closure reason and closure date when available |
| None of the above | Unknown | Unknown | Insufficient data to determine status |

### Closure Reasons (from VR)

When a company is dissolved, the closure reason is determined by **parsing Czech legal text** from the Commercial Register:

| Czech Pattern | Standardized Closure Reason |
| - | - |
| konkurs / konkurz / insolvence / upadek | Bankruptcy |
| fuze / slouceni / splynut | Merger |
| prevod jmeni na jedineho spolecnika/akcionare | Acquisition |
| zrusena s likvidaci (rozhodnutim valne hromady) | Voluntary Dissolution |
| zrusena s likvidaci (general) | Liquidation |
| zrusena dle paragrafu / ex lege | Administrative Dissolution |
| rozhodnutim soudu / usneseni soudu | Court Order |
| Other patterns | Other |

<Note>
  **VR closure reasons** are extracted by pattern-matching normalized (diacritics-stripped) Czech text from the Commercial Register's "Ostatni skutecnosti" (Other facts) and insolvency sections. If no specific pattern matches, the closure reason defaults to "Other."
</Note>

## Legal Forms

Czechia uses a deterministic legal form mapping via the ARES "Právní forma" codelist. The mapping provides the local Czech name, an English translation, a standardized category and, where GLEIF publishes one, the ISO 20275 (ELF) code for each code. For unrecognized codes, AI-based classification is used as fallback.

<Note>
  Legal forms are classified from official registry data. When the Commercial Register's legal-form text is used, or the ARES code is not in the mapping, the standardized category and ISO 20275 code are resolved by AI-assisted classification.
</Note>

### Sole Proprietors (codes 100–110)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 100 | Podnikající fyzická osoba tuzemská | Domestic sole proprietor | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 101 | Fyzická osoba podnikající dle živnostenského zákona | Sole trader under the Trade Licensing Act | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 102 | Fyzická osoba podnikající dle živnostenského zákona zapsaná v obchodním rejstříku | Sole trader under the Trade Licensing Act (Commercial Register) | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 103 | Samostatně hospodařící rolník nezapsaný v obchodním rejstříku | Self-employed farmer | Sole Proprietorship | AM3T |
| 104 | Samostatně hospodařící rolník zapsaný v obchodním rejstříku | Self-employed farmer (Commercial Register) | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 105 | Fyzická osoba podnikající dle jiných zákonů než živnostenského a zákona o zemědělství | Sole proprietor under other laws | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 106 | Fyzická osoba podnikající dle jiných zákonů než živnostenského a zákona o zemědělství zapsaná v obchodním rejstříku | Sole proprietor under other laws (Commercial Register) | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 107 | Zemědělský podnikatel - fyzická osoba | Agricultural entrepreneur – natural person | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 108 | Zemědělský podnikatel - fyzická osoba zapsaná v obchodním rejstříku | Agricultural entrepreneur – natural person (Commercial Register) | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 109 | Fyzická osoba podnikající v oblasti vodního hospodářství | Natural person in water management | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |
| 110 | Fyzická osoba podnikající v oblasti vodního hospodářství zapsaná v obchodním rejstříku | Natural person in water management (Commercial Register) | Sole Proprietorship | 95G8 |

### Partnerships and Capital Companies (codes 111–121)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 111 | Veřejná obchodní společnost | General partnership | Partnership | 5KU5 |
| 112 | Společnost s ručením omezeným | Limited liability company | Limited Liability Company | 9HLU |
| 113 | Společnost komanditní | Limited partnership | Partnership | CD28 |
| 114 | Společnost komanditní na akcie | Partnership limited by shares | Partnership | 747U |
| 115 | Společný podnik | Joint venture | Partnership | Y18E |
| 116 | Zájmové sdružení | Association | Nonprofit Organization | 7OZQ |
| 117 | Nadace | Foundation | Nonprofit Organization | 3G3D |
| 118 | Nadační fond | Endowment fund | Nonprofit Organization | QS6A |
| 121 | Akciová společnost | Joint-stock company | Corporation | 6CQN |

### Cooperatives (codes 131–261)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 131 | Svépomocné zemědělské družstvo | Self-help agricultural cooperative | Cooperative | 1JK6 |
| 141 | Obecně prospěšná společnost | Public benefit company | Nonprofit Organization | BL4B |
| 145 | Společenství vlastníků jednotek | Association of unit owners | Cooperative | IQ9O |
| 151 | Komoditní burza | Commodity exchange | Other | NQHQ |
| 152 | Garanční fond obchodníků s cennými papíry | Securities Traders' Guarantee Fund | Government-Owned Entity | 4UB2 |
| 161 | Ústav | Institute | Nonprofit Organization | QJ0F |
| 201 | Zemědělské družstvo | Agricultural cooperative | Cooperative | Z3BF |
| 205 | Družstvo | Cooperative | Cooperative | 9RVC |
| 211 | Družstevní podnik zemědělský | Agricultural cooperative enterprise | Cooperative | WJ30 |
| 231 | Výrobní družstvo | Production cooperative | Cooperative | C7GZ |
| 232 | Spotřební družstvo | Consumer cooperative | Cooperative | 8K5T |
| 233 | Bytové družstvo | Housing cooperative | Cooperative | T3Q1 |
| 234 | Jiné družstvo | Other cooperative | Cooperative | ZU32 |
| 241 | Družstevní podnik (s 1 zakladatelem) | Cooperative enterprise (single founder) | Cooperative | RHFQ |
| 242 | Společný podnik (s více zakladateli) | Joint venture (multiple founders) | Partnership | NJ87 |
| 251 | Zájmová organizace družstev | Association of cooperatives | Cooperative | 4A26 |
| 261 | Společná zájmová organizace družstev | Joint interest organization of cooperatives | Cooperative | V6YH |

### State and Government Entities (codes 301–392)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 301 | Státní podnik | State enterprise | Government-Owned Entity | 6FAI |
| 302 | Národní podnik | National enterprise | Government-Owned Entity | UFDA |
| 311 | Státní banka československá | State Bank of Czechoslovakia | Corporation | KM6Z |
| 312 | Banka-státní peněžní ústav | State monetary institution (bank) | Corporation | FIPS |
| 313 | Česká národní banka | Czech National Bank | Government-Owned Entity | NPH3 |
| 314 | Česká konsolidační agentura | Czech Consolidation Agency | Government-Owned Entity | 2N9X |
| 321 | Rozpočtová organizace | Budgetary organization | Government-Owned Entity | H6WW |
| 325 | Organizační složka státu | State organizational unit | Government-Owned Entity | LJL0 |
| 326 | Stálý rozhodčí soud | Permanent Arbitration Court | Government-Owned Entity | 4YAK |
| 331 | Příspěvková organizace zřízená územním samosprávným celkem | Contributory organization of a municipality/region | Government-Owned Entity | MBUU |
| 332 | Státní příspěvková organizace | State contributory organization | Government-Owned Entity | H6WW |
| 333 | Státní příspěvková organizace ostatní | Other state contributory organization | Government-Owned Entity | 74W6 |
| 341 | Státní hospodářská organizace řízená okresním úřadem | State economic organization managed by a district office | Government-Owned Entity | 84J8 |
| 343 | Obecní podnik | Municipal enterprise | Government-Owned Entity | RP0E |
| 351 | Československé státní dráhy-státní organizace | Czechoslovak State Railways – state organization | Government-Owned Entity | LJ92 |
| 352 | Státní organizace Správa železnic | State organization Railway Administration | Government-Owned Entity | APEN |
| 353 | Rada pro veřejný dohled nad auditem | Public Audit Oversight Board | Government-Owned Entity | QJWK |
| 361 | Veřejnoprávní instituce | Public law institution | Government-Owned Entity | NI3I |
| 362 | Česká tisková kancelář | Czech News Agency | Government-Owned Entity | 917C |
| 381 | Státní fond ze zákona | Statutory state fund | Government-Owned Entity | 3RMA |
| 382 | Státní fond ze zákona nezapisující se do obchodního rejstříku | Statutory state fund not registered in the Commercial Register | Government-Owned Entity | AM3T |
| 391 | Zdravotní pojišťovna (mimo VZP) | Health insurance company (excluding VZP) | Government-Owned Entity | QQ49 |
| 392 | Všeobecná zdravotní pojišťovna | General Health Insurance Company | Government-Owned Entity | C4Q2 |

### Foreign / Branch Entities (codes 401–442)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 401 | Sdružení mezinárodního obchodu | International trade association | Nonprofit Organization | I32F |
| 411 | Podnik se zahraniční majetkovou účastí | Enterprise with foreign equity participation | Limited Liability Company | CHJR |
| 421 | Odštěpný závod zahraniční právnické osoby | Branch of a foreign legal entity | Branch or Representative Office | TNBA |
| 422 | Organizační složka zahraničního nadačního fondu | Organizational unit of a foreign endowment fund | Branch or Representative Office | HY6K |
| 423 | Organizační složka zahraniční nadace | Organizational unit of a foreign foundation | Branch or Representative Office | VQU7 |
| 424 | Zahraniční fyzická osoba | Foreign natural person | Sole Proprietorship | CZUA |
| 425 | Odštěpný závod zahraniční fyzické osoby | Branch of a foreign natural person | Branch or Representative Office | U95A |
| 426 | Zastoupení zahraniční banky | Representative office of a foreign bank | Branch or Representative Office | JJYB |
| 441 | Podnik zahraničního obchodu | Foreign trade enterprise | Branch or Representative Office | HSNC |
| 442 | Účelová zahraničně obchodní organizace | Purpose-specific foreign trade organization | Branch or Representative Office | WVZF |

### Branches and Sub-units (codes 501–541)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 501 | Odštěpný závod | Branch | Branch or Representative Office | WUFK |
| 521 | Samostatná drobná provozovna (obecního úřadu) | Independent small establishment (municipal office) | Branch or Representative Office | C5FE |
| 525 | Vnitřní organizační jednotka organizační složky státu | Internal unit of a state organizational component | Government-Owned Entity | HS5W |
| 531 | Oblastní organizační jednotka ČD | Regional organizational unit of Czech Railways | Government-Owned Entity | LJ92 |
| 532 | Účelová organizační jednotka ČD | Purpose-specific organizational unit of Czech Railways | Government-Owned Entity | LJ92 |
| 533 | Specializovaná organizační jednotka ČD | Specialized organizational unit of Czech Railways | Government-Owned Entity | LJ92 |
| 534 | Jednotka státní drážní -technická inspekce | State railway unit – technical inspection | Government-Owned Entity | APEN |
| 535 | Jednotka sboru ozbrojené ochrany železnic | Railway Armed Protection Corps unit | Government-Owned Entity | APEN |
| 536 | Jednotka drážního správního úřadu | Railway administrative authority unit | Government-Owned Entity | APEN |
| 541 | Podílový, penzijní fond | Mutual or pension fund | Other | SNWJ |

### Education (codes 601–671)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 601 | Vysoká škola (veřejná, státní) | University (public, state) | Government-Owned Entity | OVKW |
| 602 | Fakulta vysoké školy | University faculty | Government-Owned Entity | OVKW |
| 603 | Jiné pracoviště vysoké školy / fakulty | Other unit of university/faculty | Government-Owned Entity | OVKW |
| 611 | Střední škola | Secondary school | Government-Owned Entity | OVKW |
| 621 | Základní škola | Primary school | Government-Owned Entity | D1VK |
| 625 | Školské zařízení | School facility | Government-Owned Entity | D1VK |
| 631 | Předškolní zařízení | Preschool facility | Government-Owned Entity | NI3I |
| 641 | Školská právnická osoba | School legal entity | Government-Owned Entity | D1VK |
| 651 | Zdravotnické zařízení | Healthcare facility | Government-Owned Entity | H4XQ |
| 661 | Veřejná výzkumná instituce | Public research institution | Government-Owned Entity | CIO8 |
| 671 | Veřejné neziskové ústavní zdravotnické zařízení | Public non-profit institutional healthcare facility | Government-Owned Entity | H4XQ |

### Civil Society / Non-profits (codes 701–771)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 701 | Občanské sdružení | Civic association | Nonprofit Organization | 9XDB |
| 702 | Pojišťovací spolek | Mutual insurance association | Nonprofit Organization | C4Q2 |
| 703 | Odborová organizace a organizace zaměstnavatelů | Trade union and employers' organization | Nonprofit Organization | Q25I |
| 704 | Zvláštní organizace pro zastoupení českých zájmů v mezinárodních nevládních organizacích | Special organization representing Czech interests in international NGOs | Nonprofit Organization | WL83 |
| 705 | Podnik nebo hospodářské zařízení sdružení | Enterprise or economic facility of an association | Nonprofit Organization | 971Y |
| 706 | Spolek | Association | Nonprofit Organization | CATU |
| 707 | Odborová organizace | Trade union | Nonprofit Organization | Q25I |
| 708 | Organizace zaměstnavatelů | Employers' organization | Nonprofit Organization | CUKQ |
| 711 | Politická strana, politické hnutí | Political party, political movement | Nonprofit Organization | XRK7 |
| 715 | Podnik nebo hospodářské zařízení politické strany | Enterprise or economic facility of a political party | Nonprofit Organization | 2DK3 |
| 721 | Církve a náboženské společnosti | Churches and religious societies | Nonprofit Organization | FY1B |
| 722 | Evidované církevní právnické osoby | Registered church legal entities | Nonprofit Organization | JCAD |
| 723 | Svazy církví a náboženských společností | Unions of churches and religious societies | Nonprofit Organization | ET6Z |
| 731 | Organizační jednotka občanského sdružení | Organizational unit of a civic association | Nonprofit Organization | 6OMW |
| 732 | Organizační jednotka politické strany, politického hnutí | Organizational unit of a political party or movement | Nonprofit Organization | XRK7 |
| 733 | Pobočná odborová organizace a organizace zaměstnavatelů | Branch trade union and employers' organization | Nonprofit Organization | P3YF |
| 734 | Organizační jednotka zvláštní organizace pro zastoupení českých zájmů v mezinárodních nevládních organizacích | Organizational unit of a special organization representing Czech interests in international NGOs | Nonprofit Organization | I68R |
| 736 | Pobočný spolek | Branch association | Nonprofit Organization | G2I3 |
| 741 | Samosprávná stavovská organizace (profesní komora) | Self-governing professional chamber | Nonprofit Organization | O9PW |
| 745 | Komora (hospodářská, agrární) | Chamber of commerce or agriculture | Nonprofit Organization | HQPK |
| 751 | Zájmové sdružení právnických osob | Association of legal entities | Nonprofit Organization | VIE3 |
| 761 | Honební společenstvo | Hunting association | Nonprofit Organization | LEDI |
| 771 | Dobrovolný svazek obcí | Voluntary union of municipalities | Government-Owned Entity | MAVU |

### Municipalities and Regions (codes 801–811)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 801 | Obec | Municipality | Government-Owned Entity | J8PB |
| 802 | Okresní úřad | District office | Government-Owned Entity | 84J8 |
| 804 | Kraj | Region | Government-Owned Entity | QIEL |
| 805 | Regionální rada regionu soudržnosti | Regional Council of a Cohesion Region | Government-Owned Entity | 4OTK |
| 811 | Městská část, městský obvod | City district, municipal borough | Government-Owned Entity | PFE5 |

### Foreign and International Entities (codes 901–999)

| Code | Local Name | English Translation | Standardized | ISO 20275 |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| 901 | Zastupitelský orgán jiných států | Foreign diplomatic mission | Government-Owned Entity | LJL0 |
| 906 | Zahraniční spolek | Foreign association | Nonprofit Organization | D35X |
| 907 | Mezinárodní odborová organizace | International trade union organization | Nonprofit Organization | LPCQ |
| 908 | Mezinárodní organizace zaměstnavatelů | International employers' organization | Nonprofit Organization | CUKQ |
| 911 | Zahraniční kulturní, informační středisko, rozhlasová, tisková a televizní agentura | Foreign cultural/information center; radio, press and TV agency | Nonprofit Organization | NI3I |
| 921 | Mezinárodní nevládní organizace | International non-governmental organization | Nonprofit Organization | PQJE |
| 922 | Organizační jednotka mezinárodní nevládní organizace | Organizational unit of an international NGO | Nonprofit Organization | R2XE |
| 931 | Evropské hospodářské zájmové sdružení | European Economic Interest Grouping | Partnership | RBGQ |
| 932 | Evropská společnost | European Company (Societas Europaea) | Corporation | ZQO8 |
| 933 | Evropská družstevní společnost | European Cooperative Society | Cooperative | T1FT |
| 936 | Zahraniční pobočný spolek | Foreign branch association | Branch or Representative Office | JJYB |
| 937 | Pobočná mezinárodní odborová organizace | Branch international trade union organization | Nonprofit Organization | WO0T |
| 938 | Pobočná mezinárodní organizace zaměstnavatelů | Branch international employers' organization | Nonprofit Organization | 5AP3 |
| 941 | Evropské seskupení pro územní spolupráci | European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation | Government-Owned Entity | 3BX3 |
| 950 | Subjekt právním řádem výslovně neupravený | Entity not expressly regulated by law | Other | JCAD |
| 951 | Mezinárodní vojenská organizace vzniklá na základě mezinárodní smlouvy | International military organization established by international treaty | Government-Owned Entity | PQJE |
| 952 | Konsorcium evropské výzkumné infrastruktury | European Research Infrastructure Consortium | Government-Owned Entity | 3BX3 |
| 960 | Právnická osoba zřízená zvláštním zákonem zapisovaná do veřejného rejstříku | Legal entity established by special act entered in the public register | Government-Owned Entity | XG70 |
| 961 | Svěřenský fond | Trust | Trust | 6D9L |
| 962 | Zahraniční svěřenský fond | Foreign trust | Trust | 6D9L |
| 963 | Národní akreditační úřad pro terciární vzdělávání | National Accreditation Bureau for Higher Education | Government-Owned Entity | - |
| 999 | Ostatní | Other | Other | 74W6 |

## Legal Representatives

Legal representatives are extracted from the **Commercial Register (VR)** under the `Statutarni organ` (Statutory body) section. For sole traders and other trade-licensed entities, the licence holder published by the **Trade Licensing Register (RZP)** is returned instead.

### Extraction Details

* **Source**: VR (or.justice.cz), specifically the `Statutarni organ` section; RZP for the licence holder
* **Role detection**: In the Commercial Register, persons with the `Jednatel` (Managing Director) role label are extracted
* **Data extracted per person**: Full name, birth date (day/month/year), residential address, function start date (`Den vzniku funkce`), function end date (`Den zaniku funkce`). The RZP licence holder carries the full name only.
* **Role mapping**: `Jednatel` is mapped to `Managing Director` and `Podnikatel` to `Owner` (standardized)

| Czech Role | English Translation | Standardized Role |
| - | - | - |
| Jednatel | Managing Director | Managing Director |
| Podnikatel | Entrepreneur (trade licence holder) | Owner |

<Note>
  **Current limitation**: Only the `Jednatel` label is read in the Commercial Register's statutory body section. Other statutory roles (e.g., board members in a.s. companies, `Clen predstavenstva`, `Predseda predstavenstva`) may not be extracted in all cases.
</Note>

## Other Key Persons

Czech registers currently return no other key persons (such as supervisory board members). The `otherKeyPersons` datapoint returns an empty array.

## Shareholders

Shareholders are extracted from the **Commercial Register (VR)** under the `Spolecnici` (Partners) section.

### Extraction Logic

* **Section detection**: Shareholders are read from the `Spolecnici` (Partners) or `Akcionar` (Shareholder) sections of the register
* **Sole shareholder**: When the section header contains `Jediny` (Sole), the shareholder is assigned 100% ownership if no explicit percentage is found
* **Multiple shares**: If a shareholder has multiple entries/shares, they are **summed into a single aggregate stake**
* **Corporate vs individual**: Determined by presence of ICO number or legal form suffix (a.s., s.r.o., etc.)

### Ownership Data

| Field | Description | Source |
| - | - | - |
| `sharePercentage` | Ownership percentage (from `Obchodni podil`) | VR (Commercial Register) |
| `nominalCapitalHeld` | Capital contribution amount in CZK (from `Vklad`) | VR (Commercial Register) |
| `type` | Individual or Company | Determined from register data (ICO presence, legal form suffix) |

<Note>
  Shareholder data is primarily available for **s.r.o. (Limited Liability Companies)** registered in the Commercial Register (VR). Joint-stock companies (a.s.) do not list individual shareholders in the public register. Both individual and corporate shareholders are supported. Sole traders and non-profit entities have no share capital, so a `shareholders` request for them returns a not-applicable response.
</Note>

## Ultimate Beneficial Owners

Beneficial ownership is held in the ESM, separately from the Commercial Register. The ESM is no longer publicly searchable, so a local partner obtains the official full extract. Request `ultimateBeneficialOwners` in verification mode for structured data, or order `ultimateBeneficialOwnersCertificate` from `availableDocuments` for the source PDF. Delivery is asynchronous and typically takes 1-3 business days. Follow the existing request through webhooks or polling; do not submit repeated orders while it is pending. If the extract cannot be obtained, the request reports an error rather than a successful empty result.

## Activity Code Mapping

Czechia uses the **CZ-NACE** classification, which is the Czech adaptation of the European NACE Rev. 2 standard. The system maps activity codes across three levels:

```
CZ-NACE (Czech) -> NACE Rev. 2 (European) -> ISIC Rev. 4 (International)
```

| Classification | Source | Example | AI Inferred? |
| - | - | - | - |
| **CZ-NACE** | ARES (`czNace` field) | `62.01` | No (official) |
| **NACE** | Same as CZ-NACE (identical codes) | `62.01` | No (formal mapping) |
| **ISIC** | Derived from NACE or AI-inferred | `6201` | Sometimes |

<Note>
  **AI Enrichment:** When ISIC codes cannot be derived from NACE via formal mapping tables, the system uses an LLM to match activity descriptions to ISIC Rev. 4 codes. Every activity item includes an `isAIInferred` flag to distinguish official vs. AI-derived codes. CZ-NACE and NACE codes are **never** AI-inferred.
</Note>

### Activity Codes by Source

| Source | Classifications Returned | Notes |
| - | - | - |
| **ARES** | CZ-NACE (as NACE) + ISIC | From `czNace` field, multiple codes per entity |
| **VR** | Activity description text | Free-text `Predmet podnikani` (business purpose) |
| **RZP** | Activity description text | Licensed activities from trade register XML |

## Data Availability Matrix

| Data Type | Commercial Companies (VR) | Sole Entrepreneurs (RZP) | Non-Profits / Associations | Notes |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| Company Profile | Yes Async | Yes Async | Yes Async | Full data for VR, limited for RZP-only |
| Legal Representatives | Yes | Yes (licence holder) | Limited | From VR `Statutarni organ` section, or the RZP licence holder |
| Shareholders | Yes (s.r.o. only) | No | No | From VR `Spolecnici` section |
| Other Key Persons | No | No | No | Not returned by Czech registers |
| Ultimate Beneficial Owners | Manual | Limited | Limited | From the official ESM extract, typically 1-3 business days. See the [pricing page](https://topograph.co/pricing/cz) for availability |
| Establishments | No | No | No | Not returned by Czech registers |
| Activity Codes | Yes | Yes | Yes | CZ-NACE from ARES + ISIC via AI |
| Documents | Yes | Yes | Limited | Financial Statements and Articles of Association (collection of deeds); Trade Register Extract (RZP) for trade-licensed entities; Beneficial Ownership Extract |

**Legend:** Yes = Available | No = Not Available | Limited = Conditionally Available | Async = Asynchronous processing

## Documents by Company Type

| Document Type | API Category | Format | Availability | Notes |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| **Trade Register Extract** | `tradeRegisterExtract` | PDF | Trade-licensed entities | Extract from the Trade Licensing Register (RZP) |
| **Financial Statements** | `financialStatements` | PDF | Entities with filings in the collection of deeds | Filed with the Commercial Register's collection of deeds (Sbirka listin) |
| **Articles of Association** | `articlesOfAssociation` | PDF | Entities with filings in the collection of deeds | Filed with the Commercial Register's collection of deeds (Sbirka listin) |
| **Beneficial Ownership Extract** | `ultimateBeneficialOwnersCertificate` | PDF | Listed for every company | Official full extract from the Register of Beneficial Owners (ESM). Delivered manually, typically within 1-3 business days. |

<Note>
  The Trade Register Extract is sourced from the **Trade Licensing Register (RZP)** and contains current business license and registration information. It is returned only for entities holding a Czech trade licence. Companies without a trade licence (many holding companies) have no such extract, and it is not listed in available documents for them.
</Note>

## Data Source Priority & Routing

For a given entity, data is assembled from multiple sources with a clear precedence hierarchy. ARES provides the base, and the primary source register enriches it.

<Note>
  **Orchestration Flow:**

  1. **ARES** -- Always queried first. Provides base attributes: name, address, legal form, activities, identifiers, status
  2. **Primary source** -- As indicated by ARES:
     * Commercial Register (VR): provides legal reps, shareholders, capital, status override, legal form, activity description
     * Trade Licensing Register (RZP): provides name, address, registration date, activity descriptions, licence holder
     * Other or none: both VR and RZP are queried (best-effort). Any available data is merged
  3. **Enrichment** -- Applied for:
     * Activities: ISIC codes via formal derivation, with AI fallback
     * Status: Standardized classification
     * Legal form: standardized category and ISO 20275 code when the official mapping does not already provide them
  4. **VIES** -- VAT validation for VAT-registered entities

  **Merge behavior:** The primary source takes precedence over ARES for overlapping attributes. If a primary source fetch fails, ARES data alone is used (graceful degradation).
</Note>

### Attribute-Level Source Mapping

| Attribute | Primary Source | Fallback | Notes |
| - | - | - | - |
| Company name | VR or RZP | ARES | Primary source overrides ARES |
| Legal form | VR | ARES | VR provides local name; ARES provides code-based mapping |
| Registered address | VR or RZP | ARES | Primary source overrides ARES |
| Share capital | VR | -- | Only available from Commercial Register |
| Activity codes (CZ-NACE) | ARES | -- | Always from ARES `czNace` field |
| Activity description (text) | VR or RZP | -- | From `Predmet podnikani` (VR) or license activities (RZP) |
| Legal representatives | VR | RZP | Commercial Register statutory body, or the RZP licence holder |
| Shareholders | VR | -- | Only from the Commercial Register |
| Registration date | VR or RZP | ARES | `datumVzniku` from ARES, or from primary source |
| Status | ARES + VR | ARES | ARES provides multi-register status; VR adds closure details |
| DIC / VAT | ARES | -- | Tax identifier and DPH status from ARES; VAT validated against VIES |

## Example API Responses

All examples use **placeholder data**. Query: `POST /v2/company` with `{ "id": "<id>", "countryCode": "CZ", "dataPoints": ["company", "legalRepresentatives"] }`

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="Active s.r.o. (Limited Liability Company) -- with shareholders">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "company": {
        "id": "12345678",
        "countryCode": "CZ",
        "identifiers": { "ico": "12345678", "dic": "CZ12345678", "VAT": "12345678" },
        "legalName": "Priklad s.r.o.",
        "registrationDate": "2019-06-15",
        "activityDescription": "Vyroba, obchod a sluzby neuvedene v prilohach 1 az 3 zivnostenskeho zakona",
        "status": { "localName": "Active", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
        "legalForm": { "localName": "Spolecnost s rucenim omezenym", "englishTranslation": "Limited liability company", "standardized": "Limited Liability Company", "iso20275Code": "9HLU" },
        "capital": { "amount": 200000, "currency": "CZK", "formatted": "200 000 Kc" },
        "activities": {
          "NACE": [{ "code": "62.01", "description": "Computer programming activities", "isAIInferred": false }],
          "ISIC": [{ "code": "6201", "description": "Computer programming activities", "isAIInferred": true }]
        },
        "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Vaclavske namesti 10", "city": "Praha", "postalCode": "11000", "countryCode": "CZ" }
      },
      "legalRepresentatives": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_001",
          "type": "individual",
          "role": { "localName": "Jednatel", "standardized": "Managing Director" },
          "startDate": "2019-06-15",
          "individual": {
            "name": { "fullName": "Jan Novak" },
            "birthDate": { "day": 15, "month": 3, "year": 1982 },
            "residenceAddress": { "addressLine1": "Narodni 5", "city": "Praha", "postalCode": "11000", "countryCode": "CZ" }
          }
        }
      ],
      "shareholders": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_001",
          "type": "individual",
          "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Jan Novak" }, "birthDate": { "day": 15, "month": 3, "year": 1982 } },
          "sharePercentage": 60,
          "nominalCapitalHeld": { "amount": 120000, "currency": "CZK", "formatted": "120 000 Kc" }
        },
        {
          "entityId": "company_001",
          "type": "company",
          "company": {
            "id": "87654321",
            "countryCode": "CZ",
            "legalName": "Holding a.s.",
            "identifiers": { "ico": "87654321" }
          },
          "sharePercentage": 40,
          "nominalCapitalHeld": { "amount": 80000, "currency": "CZK", "formatted": "80 000 Kc" }
        }
      ]
    }
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Dissolved a.s. (Joint-Stock Company) -- with closure reason">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "company": {
        "id": "87654321",
        "countryCode": "CZ",
        "identifiers": { "ico": "87654321", "dic": "CZ87654321" },
        "legalName": "Stara Firma a.s.",
        "registrationDate": "2005-02-01",
        "status": {
          "localName": "Closed",
          "active": false,
          "statusDetails": {
            "status": "CLOSED",
            "closureDate": "2022-11-30",
            "closureReason": "LIQUIDATION"
          }
        },
        "legalForm": { "localName": "Akciova spolecnost", "englishTranslation": "Joint-stock company", "standardized": "Corporation", "iso20275Code": "6CQN" },
        "capital": { "amount": 2000000, "currency": "CZK", "formatted": "2 000 000 Kc" },
        "activities": {
          "NACE": [{ "code": "46.90", "description": "Non-specialised wholesale trade", "isAIInferred": false }],
          "ISIC": [{ "code": "4690", "description": "Non-specialized wholesale trade", "isAIInferred": true }]
        },
        "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Narodni 5", "city": "Praha", "postalCode": "11000", "countryCode": "CZ" }
      },
      "legalRepresentatives": []
    }
    ```

    **Note:** Dissolved companies have `active: false` with a closure date and closure reason when determinable from the VR register text. Joint-stock companies (a.s.) do not list shareholders in the public register.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Sole Trader (RZP primary source)">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "company": {
        "id": "19188889",
        "countryCode": "CZ",
        "identifiers": { "ico": "19188889", "dic": "CZ19188889", "VAT": "19188889" },
        "legalName": "Jan Dvorak",
        "registrationDate": "2020-03-01",
        "activityDescription": "Poradenstvi v oblasti informacnich technologii; Koupeni zbozi za ucelem jeho dalsiho prodeje",
        "status": { "localName": "Active", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
        "legalForm": { "localName": "Fyzicka osoba podnikajici dle zivnostenskeho zakona", "englishTranslation": "Sole trader under the Trade Licensing Act", "standardized": "Sole Proprietorship" },
        "activities": {
          "NACE": [{ "code": "62.02", "description": "Computer consultancy activities", "isAIInferred": false }],
          "ISIC": [{ "code": "6202", "description": "Computer consultancy and computer facilities management activities", "isAIInferred": true }]
        },
        "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Husova 12", "city": "Brno", "postalCode": "60200", "countryCode": "CZ" }
      },
      "legalRepresentatives": [
        {
          "entityId": "person_001",
          "type": "individual",
          "role": { "localName": "Podnikatel", "englishTranslation": "Entrepreneur (trade licence holder)", "standardized": "Owner" },
          "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Jan Dvorak" } }
        }
      ]
    }
    ```

    **Note:** For sole traders (RZP primary source), the licence holder is returned under `legalRepresentatives` with the `Owner` role. Sole traders have no shareholders or capital data. The legal name is the individual's name. Activity description comes from licensed activities in the RZP.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Entity In Liquidation">
    ```json theme={null}
    {
      "company": {
        "id": "55667788",
        "countryCode": "CZ",
        "identifiers": { "ico": "55667788", "dic": "CZ55667788" },
        "legalName": "Likvidovana s.r.o. v likvidaci",
        "registrationDate": "2010-08-20",
        "status": { "localName": "In Liquidation", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
        "legalForm": { "localName": "Spolecnost s rucenim omezenym", "englishTranslation": "Limited liability company", "standardized": "Limited Liability Company" },
        "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Karlova 8", "city": "Praha", "postalCode": "11000", "countryCode": "CZ" }
      }
    }
    ```

    **Note:** Entities in liquidation are treated as **active** (`active: true`) with local status "In Liquidation." The entity still legally exists during the liquidation process.
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="Available Documents">
    Documents are returned when `"dataPoints": ["availableDocuments"]` is requested.

    | API Category | Document | Notes |
    | - | - | - |
    | `tradeRegisterExtract` | Trade Register Extract (RZP) PDF | Returned only for entities holding a Czech trade licence; not listed for other companies |
    | `financialStatements` | Financial Statements PDF | From the Commercial Register's collection of deeds, when filed |
    | `articlesOfAssociation` | Articles of Association PDF | From the Commercial Register's collection of deeds, when filed |
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## Fast search data

Czech company data is **periodically synchronized** from the ARES open dataset into a fast search index.

### Search

Search combines results from the fast search index with a live ARES lookup and merges them. When both return the same company, the live data is preferred.

### Companies in fast search data

The fast search index contains **all non-terminated Czech entities** from ARES. The filtering is based on the dissolution date:

| Condition | Included? | Description |
| - | - | - |
| `datum_zaniku` IS NULL | Yes | Entity has not been dissolved |
| `datum_zaniku` IS NOT NULL | No | Entity has been dissolved/terminated |

This means active entities, entities in liquidation, and entities under insolvency proceedings are all included; only fully terminated entities (with a recorded dissolution date) are excluded.

### Prefill Mode

Prefill and verification requests both return live register data with the same enrichment. The fast search index is used for search only. In prefill mode, VAT validation against VIES gets a shorter time budget, so the VAT check can come back as unavailable when VIES is slow.

## Quirks & Gotchas

| Quirk | Details |
| - | - |
| **Multi-source orchestration** | Data is merged from up to three sources (ARES, VR, RZP). The primary source indicated by ARES takes precedence for overlapping attributes. If a source fetch fails, available data from other sources is used (graceful degradation). |
| **ICO spaces are stripped** | Input ICOs may contain spaces (e.g., `19188 889`) which are normalized to `19188889` before processing. |
| **VAT only for active DPH registrants** | The `identifiers.VAT` field (digits only, without the CZ prefix) is only set when ARES confirms active DPH (VAT) status. We do not synthesize VAT from ICO or query the DPH register separately. |
| **Shareholders only for s.r.o.** | Shareholder data with ownership percentages is only available for Limited Liability Companies (s.r.o.) in the Commercial Register. Joint-stock companies (a.s.) do not list shareholders publicly. |
| **ISIC codes may be AI-inferred** | CZ-NACE codes from ARES are official. ISIC codes are derived via formal mapping when possible, with AI fallback. Check the `isAIInferred` flag. |
| **Closure reasons from register text** | When a company is dissolved, the closure reason is determined by pattern-matching normalized Czech text from the VR "Ostatni skutecnosti" and insolvency sections (e.g., bankruptcy, merger, acquisition, liquidation, court order). |
| **Legal form mapping is deterministic** | Czech legal forms are mapped deterministically using the official ARES legal form codelist (140+ forms), including ISO 20275 codes. Legal forms without a standardized category (Commercial Register legal-form text or unmapped codes) are classified with AI assistance. |
| **UBO data is delivered manually** | The ESM has been closed to the public since December 2025. Beneficial owners are available as the `ultimateBeneficialOwners` datapoint and as the Beneficial Ownership Extract document, both taken from the official ESM extract obtained by a local partner, typically within 1-3 business days. Datapoint values are extracted from the extract, so verify them against the document before relying on them for compliance. |
| **In Liquidation = Active** | Entities with status "V LIKVIDACI" in VR or RES are treated as active (`active: true`) because the entity still legally exists during the liquidation process. |
| **Capital in CZK only** | Share capital from the VR is always expressed in Czech Koruna (CZK) with formatted strings using Czech locale (e.g., `200 000 Kc`). |
| **Sole shareholder default to 100%** | When the Commercial Register lists a `Jediny spolecnik` (sole partner) and no explicit ownership percentage is found, the shareholder defaults to 100% ownership. |


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