Netherlands

This guide is outdated and will be removed on 1 November 2026. The up-to-date Netherlands reference is on the Netherlands country page.

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This guide contains public integration notes for Netherlands. Use it for identifier formats, search behavior, and country-specific caveats. The live source of truth for coverage, pricing, data sources, documents, legal forms, roles, and status values is the pricing page.

Netherlands coverage, pricing, and sources

Open the current catalog for supported datapoints, documents, sources, identifiers, and availability.

Country details below are preserved as integration notes. If a table or example conflicts with the live pricing page, use the pricing page as the source of truth and contact support.

Data Sources

The Netherlands uses a single official registry — the KVK (Kamer van Koophandel / Chamber of Commerce) — accessed through multiple channels. Data retrieval follows a two-phase model: basic structured data from the KVK Search API, and detailed data (legal representatives, shareholders, capital, RSIN) from the HTML trade register extract via AI parsing.

KVK Search API — Provides basic company data in structured JSON: legal name, legal form, status, address, activity description, and trade names. This is a free, fast API that returns data immediately. Used for search results and base company profile data.
KVK Trade Register Extract (Uittreksel Handelsregister) — The official HTML extract from the KVK online trade register. Contains detailed data including legal representatives (Bestuurders, Gevolmachtigden), shareholders (Aandeelhouders, Vennoten), SBI activity codes, RSIN, share capital, and employee count. This HTML is AI-parsed to extract structured data.

Basic company data comes from KVK Search. Detailed officers, other key persons, shareholders, capital, RSIN and activity codes come from the trade register extract. Known roles use fixed translations and standardized values; unfamiliar titles can require AI enrichment.

Request otherKeyPersons in verification mode for supervisory and other non-representing appointments recorded in the extract. Prefill mode does not provide this datapoint. A company with no such appointments returns an empty list.

Company Identifiers

company.identifiers.euid is an optional European Unique Identifier. Supported domestic BV and NV forms. Uses the KVK number, not an establishment number or RSIN. Example: NLNHR.34259528. It is returned as an output identifier and cannot be used as a search input. See EUID coverage and interpretation.

Query Identifiers

Company Type	Source	Format	Example	Notes
All entities	KVK	8 digits (KVK number)	`53781066`	Kamer van Koophandel number — the universal Dutch business identifier

KVK Number Format: The KVK number is always exactly 8 digits (^\d{8}$), and leading zeros are significant. There is no prefix and no published check digit. An establishment has its own 12-digit establishment number (vestigingsnummer), which is a different number.

Identifiers in API Response

Once you retrieve company data, the identifiers object contains all available identifiers for that entity:

Identifier Type	Format	Example	Found In
`kvk`	8 digits, leading zeros significant	`53781066`	All entities (from Search API)
`RSIN`	9 digits	`813454554`	Legal entities and partnerships information number, from the trade register extract (see when the extract is bought). Sole traders have none
`VAT`	9 digits + B + 2 digits	`813454554B01`	Dutch VAT number, returned without the `NL` prefix, when the request buys the trade register extract. For a legal entity the 9 digits are its RSIN; for a sole trader they are a separate number. Taken from the trade register extract when it shows one, otherwise built from the RSIN with subnumber `B01`, which is not always the subnumber in use

Identifier Casing: The KVK number is returned under the lowercase key kvk. RSIN and VAT are uppercase.

Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)

GLEIF is the supplementary data source for this identifier. company.identifiers.lei is optional. It is returned when the KVK number (kvk) matches exactly one LEI through a GLEIF registration or validation reference. The Legal Entity Identifier has 20 uppercase alphanumeric characters, ending in two check digits. Coverage varies by entity. An absent lei does not prove that the company has no LEI. Lapsed, retired or merged LEIs may be returned; annulled LEIs are excluded.

Search Capabilities

Search Type	Pattern	Example	Match Type	Expected Results
By KVK Number	8 digits	`53781066`	Exact	Exact match returned first (matchType: id); other results may follow
By Name	Text string	`"Philips"`	Fuzzy	Multiple results
By VAT Number	`NL` + 9 digits + `B` + 2 digits	`NL859402022B01`	Name-based	The VAT number is validated against VIES, then the KVK is searched by the registered trader name

Search Performance: Use KVK number searches for exact matching and best performance. Name searches query the KVK Search API and return multiple results. All search types have built-in retry handling for reliability. Name search returns one result per KVK number: branches are collapsed onto their company, and entities without an establishment (for example associations and foundations) are included.

Active companies only

Search only returns active companies, so activeOnly=true changes nothing here. Search only returns companies currently registered.

Quirks & Gotchas

Quirk	Details
Two-phase data retrieval	Basic company data comes from the KVK Search API (fast, free); detailed data (legal reps, shareholders, capital) requires fetching and AI-parsing the HTML trade register extract. Legal reps and shareholders take longer to return.
Legal form: two tiers	The KVK search API returns 23 base legal forms. The trade register extract carries the detailed form (48 values). A BV that is a structuurvennootschap shows as “Besloten Vennootschap” without the extract and “Besloten Vennootschap (blijkens statuten structuurvennootschap)” with it.
No UBO data	Ultimate beneficial owner information is not available from the KVK API or trade register extract. The UBO register in the Netherlands is not publicly accessible.
Sole shareholders only	The KVK registers a shareholder only when a company has a single 100% holder (`Enig aandeelhouder`). A BV with two or more shareholders publishes no shareholder record at all, so `shareholders` succeeds with an empty list. See Reading an empty `shareholders` list.
Null ownership percentages	Ownership percentages are only extracted when explicitly stated in the trade register extract. `null` means “not stated”, not “0%”. The system never infers or calculates percentages.
Null nationality	Nationality is always `null` unless explicitly stated in the document. The system does not assume Dutch nationality for shareholders of Dutch companies.
SBI codes via AI	SBI 2008 codes are AI-extracted from the trade register extract HTML. NACE and ISIC are then derived deterministically (no AI). SBI 2025 codes are derived via CBS crosswalk, with LLM disambiguation for ambiguous mappings. Without the extract (prefill mode, or `company` alone), all codes are AI-inferred from the activity description.
Partial document failures	The four document listing calls (extract, history, financials, statutes) run in parallel. If one fails, partial results are returned. Only if all four fail is an error thrown.
KVK identifier casing	The KVK number is returned under the lowercase key `kvk`, not `KVK` or `KvK`.
Statutes listing	Deposited statutes the register has already checked for personal data are listed and can be ordered for instant download. A recently deposited deed that still contains personal data is not listed, because the register only provides it through a manual redaction request (up to about 2 working days). Core registration facts for a new company (incorporation date, legal form, capital, registered office, directors) already appear in the Trade Register Extract, but the full deed text requires that manual request.
Document delivery via email	Financial statements and statutes are ordered from KVK, delivered via email, then downloaded. This adds latency (~30 sec). Trade register extracts use a direct online flow.
Company self-filtering	AI parsing sometimes includes the main company itself as a legal representative or shareholder. The system automatically filters these out by matching on KVK number.

Company Status

Company status is determined deterministically from the KVK actief boolean field. No AI inference is involved in status determination.

Local Status	English	Standardized Status	Notes
Ingeschreven	Registered	Active	`actief` = true
Uitgeschreven	Deregistered	Closed	`actief` = false

The KVK provides only a binary active/inactive status. There are no detailed closure reasons (bankruptcy, liquidation, etc.) or insolvency statuses available from the structured API. More detailed status information may occasionally be available in the trade register extract via AI parsing, but it is not systematically extracted.

Legal Forms

The Netherlands has a two-tier legal form model. The level of detail you receive depends on whether the request buys the trade register extract (see when the extract is bought).

Without the extract (prefill mode, or company alone) the KVK search API returns 23 base legal forms. These are the values in the rechtsvorm field (e.g. “Besloten Vennootschap”, “Naamloze Vennootschap”, “Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon”). This is a deterministic mapping with no AI involved.
With the extract (a verification request that also asks for legalRepresentatives or shareholders, or orders the Trade Register Extract document) you get 48 detailed legal forms extracted from the trade register document. These are the uitgebreideRechtsvorm values (e.g. “Besloten Vennootschap (blijkens statuten structuurvennootschap)”, “Naamloze Vennootschap (beleggingsmaatschappij met veranderlijk kapitaal)”, “Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Gemeente”). A dedicated AI parser constrained to the 48-value enum extracts the detailed form from the document.

Both tiers map to the same standardized categories and ISO 20275 codes. The difference is granularity: the search API collapses variants into their parent form, while the extract resolves the specific subtype. Source: KVK official reference document “Lijst van output: uitgebreide rechtsvormen” (June 2025).

Without the extract (23 base forms)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Eenmanszaak	Sole Proprietorship	`Sole Proprietorship`	`4QXM`
Eenmanszaak met Meerdere Eigenaren	Sole Proprietorship with Multiple Owners	`Other`	`4QXM`
Rederij	Shipping Company	`Corporation`	`UNJ2`
Maatschap	Partnership	`Partnership`	`9AAK`
Vennootschap Onder Firma	General Partnership	`Partnership`	`62Y3`
Commanditaire Vennootschap	Limited Partnership	`Partnership`	`CODH`
Rechtspersoon in oprichting	Legal Entity in Formation	`Other`	`EZQW`
Besloten Vennootschap	Private Limited Company	`Limited Liability Company`	`54M6`
Naamloze Vennootschap	Public Limited Company	`Corporation`	`B5PM`
Coöperatie	Cooperative	`Cooperative`	`NFFH`
Onderlinge Waarborg Maatschappij	Mutual Guarantee Company	`Cooperative`	`DEO1`
Vereniging	Association	`Nonprofit Organization`	`33MN`
Vereniging van Eigenaars	Owners’ Association	`Other`	`GNXT`
Kerkgenootschap	Religious Society or Church	`Nonprofit Organization`	`L7HX`
Stichting	Foundation	`Nonprofit Organization`	`V44D`
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon	Other Private Law Legal Entity	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Europese naamloze vennootschap (SE)	European Public Limited-Liability Company (SE)	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Europees economisch samenwerkingsverband	European Economic Interest Grouping	`Other`	`5WU6`
Europese coöperatieve vennootschap (SCE)	European Cooperative Society (SCE)	`Cooperative`	`BBEB`
Kapitaalvennootschap binnen EER	Capital Company within the EEA	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Kapitaalvennootschap buiten EER	Capital Company outside the EEA	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Overige buitenlandse rechtspersoon of vennootschap	Other Foreign Legal Entity or Company	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon	Public Law Legal Entity	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`

With the extract (48 detailed forms)

With the extract, the legal form is extracted from the trade register document and resolved to one of 48 specific values. The 23 base forms above still appear when the base and detailed form are the same (e.g. “Eenmanszaak” stays “Eenmanszaak”). The additional 25 detailed variants only appear with the extract.

BV and NV variants (rows 8-13)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Besloten Vennootschap	Private Limited Company	`Limited Liability Company`	`54M6`
Besloten Vennootschap (blijkens statuten structuurvennootschap)	Private Limited Company (Structure Regime)	`Limited Liability Company`	`54M6`
Naamloze Vennootschap	Public Limited Company	`Corporation`	`B5PM`
Naamloze Vennootschap (blijkens statuten structuurvennootschap)	Public Limited Company (Structure Regime)	`Corporation`	`B5PM`
Naamloze Vennootschap (beleggingsmaatschappij met veranderlijk kapitaal)	Public Limited Company (Variable Capital Investment Company)	`Corporation`	`B5PM`
Naamloze Vennootschap (beleggingsmaatschappij met veranderlijk kapitaal blijkens statuten structuurvennootschap)	Public Limited Company (Variable Capital Investment Company, Structure Regime)	`Corporation`	`B5PM`

Cooperative and mutual guarantee variants (rows 14-17)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Coöperatie	Cooperative	`Cooperative`	`NFFH`
Coöperatie (blijkens statuten structuurcoöperatie)	Cooperative (Structure Regime)	`Cooperative`	`NFFH`
Onderlinge Waarborg Maatschappij	Mutual Guarantee Company	`Cooperative`	`DEO1`
Onderlinge Waarborg Maatschappij (blijkens statuten onderlinge)	Mutual Guarantee Company (Mutual Statutes)	`Cooperative`	`DEO1`

Association variants (rows 18-19)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Vereniging (met volledige rechtsbevoegdheid)	Association (with Full Legal Capacity)	`Nonprofit Organization`	`33MN`
Vereniging (met beperkte rechtsbevoegdheid)	Association (with Limited Legal Capacity)	`Nonprofit Organization`	`33MN`

Without the extract, both appear as “Vereniging”.

Other private law subtypes (rows 23-27)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Hofje	Other Private Law: Almshouse	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Boermarke	Other Private Law: Agricultural Commons	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Fundatie	Other Private Law: Endowment	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Gilde	Other Private Law: Guild	`Other`	`M1IZ`
Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Buurtschap	Other Private Law: Hamlet Community	`Other`	`M1IZ`

Without the extract, all appear as “Overige Privaatrechtelijke Rechtspersoon”.

Foreign forms (rows 31-34)

Foreign entities registered in the Netherlands. The KVK profile API returns a dynamic uitgebreideRechtsvorm with the foreign legal form name and country of establishment (e.g. “Société à responsabilité limitée (Frankrijk)”). The API response normalizes these to one of the 4 base forms below.

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Kapitaalvennootschap binnen EER	Capital Company within the EEA	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Kapitaalvennootschap buiten EER	Capital Company outside the EEA	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Kapitaalvennootschap buiten EER (formeel buitenlandse vennootschap)	Capital Company outside the EEA (formally foreign company)	`Corporation`	`BBEB`
Overige buitenlandse rechtspersoon of vennootschap	Other Foreign Legal Entity or Company	`Other`	`M1IZ`

Public law entity subtypes (rows 35-48)

Dutch Name	English	Standardized	ISO 20275
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Adviescollege	Public Law: Advisory Council	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Bedrijfsvoeringsorganisatie (BVO)	Public Law: Shared Services Organization (BVO)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: De Staat (Baten- en lastendienst)	Public Law: The State (Executive Agency)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: De Staat (Ministerie)	Public Law: The State (Ministry)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: De Staat (Zelfstandig onderdeel)	Public Law: The State (Autonomous Unit)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Europese Groepering voor Territoriale Samenwerking (EGTS)	Public Law: European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Gemeente	Public Law: Municipality	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Lichaam met bevoegdheid krachtens de Grondwet	Public Law: Body with Constitutional Authority	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Openbaar Lichaam op basis van gemeenschappelijke regeling	Public Law: Public Body under Joint Arrangement	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Provincie	Public Law: Province	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Rechtspersoon met Wettelijk Taak (RWT)	Public Law: Entity with Statutory Task (RWT)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Universiteit of Academisch Ziekenhuis	Public Law: University or Academic Hospital	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Waterschap	Public Law: Water Board	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`
Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon: Zelfstandig Bestuursorgaan (ZBO)	Public Law: Independent Administrative Body (ZBO)	`Government-Owned Entity`	`A0W7`

Without the extract, all appear as “Publiekrechtelijke Rechtspersoon”.

Legal Representatives

Legal representatives come from the KVK trade register extract. Names, birth dates, appointment dates and representation rules are returned when recorded. The filed role is preserved; known offices use fixed translations and standardized values.

Role catalogue

We use a closed list of canonical roles for the Netherlands. Every role.localName you receive in the API response is guaranteed to be one of these values. The list is built on top of ISO 5009, the international standard for official organizational roles published by ISO and maintained by GLEIF. ISO 5009 covers the statutory roles defined in the Dutch Civil Code (directors, supervisory board members, liquidators, and so on). We took the Dutch entries from the ISO 5009 code list and deduplicated them into canonical roles. On top of that, we added four roles that appear on Dutch trade register extracts but are out of scope for ISO 5009 because they are based on power of attorney (volmacht) rather than corporate governance:

Gevolmachtigde and Gevolmachtigd handelsagent, registered via KVK Form 13
Procuratiehouder, a historical commercial volmacht role
Bewindvoerder, a trustee appointed during suspension of payments

Shareholder roles (Aandeelhouder, Vennoot, Eigenaar) are not part of this list. They live in the shareholders field of the API response.

Full role enum

The catalogue covers the offices below. A person’s placement in legalRepresentatives or otherKeyPersons follows their recorded representation powers, rather than their title alone. Each ISO 5009 role can map to multiple OOR codes because the code depends on the legal form of the company. For example, “Bestuurder” is KHNVNO for a BV, TK4BXG for an NV, and PPIUMW for a Stichting.

Dutch name	English	Standardized	ISO 5009 OOR codes
Bestuurder	Director	`Director` or `Board Member`	KHNVNO (BV), TK4BXG (NV), PPIUMW (Stichting)
Bestuurder / bestuurslid	Director / Board Member	`Director`	W9JQJP (Vereniging)
Uitvoerend bestuurder	Executive Director	`Executive Director`	TFPVDK (BV), 7BGHMI (NV)
Niet uitvoerend bestuurder	Non-Executive Director	`Non-Executive Director`	VA30FP (BV), HHZHF9 (NV)
Voorzitter bestuur	Chairman of the Management Board	`Chairman of the Board`	080BGK (BV), 934G9A (NV)
Voorzitter	Chairman	`Chairman`	9W99BU (Vereniging)
Commissaris	Supervisory Board Member	`Supervisory Board Member`	GRP0OJ (BV), TP7XTW (NV), RERTFR (Stichting), LMY8OH (Vereniging)
Voorzitter raad van commissaren	Chairman of the Supervisory Board	`Chairman of the Board`	WPGA3Y (NV)
Secretaris	Secretary	`Secretary`	PV9S1F (Vereniging)
Penningmeester	Treasurer	`Treasurer`	GQ8JOW (Vereniging)
Vertegenwoordigingsbevoegde	Authorized Signatory (statutory)	`Authorized Signatory`	CHOFER (BV), RPL5H6 (NV), SXRUU6 (Vereniging), WNHFP9 (Stichting)
Vereffenaar	Liquidator	`Liquidator`	7PTVPF (BV), WBJNBK (NV)
Curator	Court-Appointed Administrator	`Administrator`	ALIVPM (NV), SYLJPO (BV)
Beheerder	Administrator	`Administrator`	OIEAWD (Maatschap)
Beheerder / Beherend Vennoot	Managing Partner	`Managing Partner`	BF4XP2 (VOF)
Beherend Vennoot	General Partner	`General Partner`	BKH1IX (CV)
Gevolmachtigde	Authorized Representative	`Authorized Signatory`	Topograph extension (Boek 3 volmacht)
Gevolmachtigd handelsagent	Authorized Commercial Agent	`Authorized Signatory`	Topograph extension (Boek 3 volmacht)
Procuratiehouder	Procurator	`Authorized Signatory`	Topograph extension (historical volmacht)
Bewindvoerder	Trustee (suspension of payments)	`Administrator`	Topograph extension (Boek 3 bewind)

Role normalization

Dutch trade register extracts sometimes use informal variants or add authority scope to a role name. Known variants are normalized to a published office. Unrecognized labels are preserved rather than forced into one of the examples below.

What the extract says	What you receive
Statutair bestuurder in the formal board section	Bestuurder
Bestuurder - Alleen/zelfstandig bevoegd	Bestuurder
Bestuurder - Gezamenlijk bevoegd	Bestuurder
Directeur, CEO, CFO or COO outside a formal board/representation section	Original filed title
Gevolmachtigde - Beperkte volmacht	Gevolmachtigde
Gevolmachtigde - Onbeperkte volmacht	Gevolmachtigde

Signing authority (sole or joint) is kept in representationMode, with the recorded scope when available. The role title does not override those conditions. An iso5009Code is included only when the official role matches the company’s legal form; it can be omitted when no match is established.

Fields extracted per legal representative

Field	Dutch source term	Description
Birth date	Geboortedatum	Date of birth
Start date	Datum in functie	Date the person started in the role
Role	(from the extract)	Known canonical office, or the original title when unknown
Name title	Mr., Mrs., Dr., etc.	Honorific prefix only

Other Key Persons

Verification mode returns non-representing appointments in otherKeyPersons. Supervisory board members and their chair belong here. One-tier non-executive directors and management-board members belong here when the extract does not grant them representation powers. A non-executive director can instead be a legal representative when the extract records those powers. Founder or association-membership appointments may also appear. Ownership alone remains in shareholders, without creating an additional officer role.

Dutch name	English	Standardized	ISO 5009 OOR codes
Commissaris	Supervisory Board Member	`Supervisory Board Member`	GRP0OJ (BV), TP7XTW (NV), RERTFR (Stichting), LMY8OH (Vereniging)
Voorzitter raad van commissaren	Chairman of the Supervisory Board	`Chairman of the Board`	WPGA3Y (NV)
Oprichter	Founder	`Other`	AJ86T4 (BV), 6ITGMW (NV), KLUFYX (Stichting)
Lid	Member	`Other`	1AHQJK (Vereniging)

Shareholders

Shareholders are AI-extracted from the same KVK trade register extract as the officer data.

Dutch Terms for Shareholders

Dutch Term	English	Entity Type	Found In
Aandeelhouders	Shareholders	BV, NV companies	Capital companies
Vennoten	Partners	VOF, CV partnerships	Partnerships
Eigenaar	Owner	Eenmanszaak (sole proprietorship)	Sole proprietorships

Extraction Logic

Source	When Used	Data Extracted
Trade Register Extract HTML	Always (AI-parsed)	Partners, Shareholders, Owners with names and optional share percentages

Ownership Fields

Field	Description	Source
`sharePercentage`	Ownership percentage	Only if explicitly stated in document (null if not stated)
`type`	Individual or Company	Determined from AI parsing context
`nationality`	Nationality	Only if explicitly stated (null by default — never assumes Dutch)

Critical: Ownership PercentagesShare percentages are only extracted when explicitly stated in the trade register extract (e.g., “50%”, “33,33%”). The system does not infer or calculate percentages. If no percentage is mentioned, sharePercentage is null. Do not assign 100% to each shareholder. Nationality is also null unless explicitly stated — the system does not assume Dutch nationality.

Shareholder data depends on the entity type. For BV/NV companies the register publishes a shareholder only when a single party holds 100% of the shares (see Reading an empty shareholders list). VOF/CV partnerships list their partners, and an Eenmanszaak its owner. Stichtingen (foundations) and Verenigingen (associations) have no shareholders.

Reading an empty `shareholders` list

Dutch law only obliges a company to register its shareholder when there is exactly one holding 100% of the shares (Enig aandeelhouder, Handelsregisterwet 2007 art. 17-18 and Handelsregisterbesluit 2008 art. 22). A BV or NV with two or more shareholders registers nothing: the Handelsregister simply has no shareholder record for it, and neither does the Uittreksel. So for the Netherlands:

Response	Meaning
`shareholders: [ { … 100% } ]`	The company has a registered sole shareholder.
`shareholders: []` with `status: "succeeded"`	The register holds no shareholder record. Almost always a company with two or more shareholders — not a company without owners.
`shareholders` key absent	The datapoint was not requested, failed, or is still running. Check `dataStatus`.

An empty shareholders list is not a terminal node in an ownership chain. It means the Dutch register does not publish this company’s ownership, not that the chain ends. Measured across 4,322 real KVK extracts: 2,435 carry a sole shareholder and only 2 carry a multi-holder list.

When the list is empty and you need to continue the traversal:

legalRepresentatives — a Dutch holding structure is very often managed by its own parent, so a corporate Bestuurder with its own KVK number is usually the next entity up.
Trade Register History (Uittreksel Handelsregister Historie) — shows any sole-shareholder registration the company has had in the past, with start and end dates. If the history has none either, the company has never had a registered sole shareholder.
Financial Statements (Jaarrekeningen) — consolidated accounts frequently name the parent in the notes.
Deed of incorporation / statutory amendment (Akte van oprichting / Statutenwijziging) — the notarial deed names the subscribing shareholders at the time it was executed.

Activity Code Mapping

The Netherlands uses the SBI (Standaard Bedrijfsindeling) classification. SBI 2008 codes (5-digit) are extracted from the trade register extract via AI parsing. From these, NACE Rev 2.1 and ISIC Rev 5 codes are derived deterministically (no AI), and SBI 2025 codes are derived via the official CBS crosswalk (with LLM disambiguation for ambiguous mappings).

Company Profile (with Trade Register Extract)

TRE (AI-parsed) → SBI 2008 codes
  → truncate to 4 digits + insert dot → NACE Rev 2.1 (deterministic)
  → formal ISIC↔NACE mapping → ISIC Rev 5 (deterministic)
  → CBS crosswalk → SBI 2025 (1:1 resolved or LLM-disambiguated)

Classification	Source	Example	AI Inferred?
SBI 2025	Derived from SBI 2008 via CBS crosswalk	`47120`	Yes (AI-extracted from HTML + crosswalk disambiguation)
NACE Rev 2.1	Derived from SBI 2008 (truncate + dot), upconverted	`47`	No (deterministic)
ISIC Rev 5	Formal mapping from NACE	`47`	No (deterministic)

One code in, one code out. You get one NACE and one ISIC code per declared SBI code. Where an SBI code has no single equivalent in the target revision, the shared parent class is returned rather than every candidate — SBI 2008 47190, for example, returns NACE 47 rather than both 47.12 and 47.91. See One code in, one code out. Main activity. The KVK trade register distinguishes the hoofdactiviteit from secondary activities. When the extract designates one, that SBI code carries isMainActivity: true, and the NACE, ISIC and SBI 2025 codes derived from it inherit the flag. Without the extract, the single code inferred from the activity description is flagged as the main activity and is marked isAIInferred: true alongside. Absence of the flag means the source did not say — not that the code is secondary.

Company profile without the extract (Search API only)

Activity description (activiteitomschrijving)
  → LLM inference → ISIC codes
  → formal ISIC↔NACE mapping → NACE Rev 2.1 (deterministic)
  → CBS crosswalk → SBI 2025 (1:1 resolved or LLM-disambiguated)

Classification	Source	Example	AI Inferred?
SBI 2025	Derived from NACE via CBS crosswalk	`64110`	Yes
NACE Rev 2.1	Derived from ISIC (formal mapping)	`64.11`	Yes (source ISIC is AI-inferred)
ISIC Rev 5	LLM-inferred from activity description	`6411`	Yes

Deterministic vs. AI-inferred: When the trade register extract is available (company profile), NACE and ISIC are derived deterministically from SBI 2008 codes (isAIInferred: false). SBI 2025 codes use the CBS crosswalk — 1:1 mappings are resolved automatically, ambiguous mappings (multiple SBI 2025 candidates for one NACE code) are disambiguated by an LLM using the company’s activity description. When only the search API is available (prefill mode, or company alone), all codes are AI-inferred from the activity description text.

Data Availability Matrix

Data Type	BV/NV	VOF/CV	Eenmanszaak	Stichting/Vereniging	Notes
Company Profile	✅ Async	✅ Async	✅ Async	✅ Async	Basic data from Search API + AI enrichment from trade register
Legal Representatives	✅	✅	✅	✅	Extracted from the trade register extract; representation powers determine the person list
Other Key Persons	Conditional	Conditional	Conditional	Conditional	Verification mode only: non-representing appointments recorded in the extract
Shareholders	✅	✅ (as partners)	✅ (as owner)	❌	AI-parsed; VOF/CV show partners, EMZ shows owner
Ultimate Beneficial Owners	❌	❌	❌	❌	Not available from KVK (UBO register not publicly accessible)
Establishments	❌	❌	❌	❌	Not yet implemented
Activity Codes	✅	✅	✅	✅	SBI 2025, NACE, ISIC. With the extract: SBI 2008 from TRE → deterministic NACE/ISIC. Without it: AI-inferred from description.

Legend: ✅ Available | ❌ Not Available | ⚠️ Conditionally Available | Async = Asynchronous processing

Documents by Company Type

All Companies

Document Type	API Category	Format	Availability	Notes
Uittreksel Handelsregister (Trade Register Extract)	`tradeRegisterExtract`	PDF	✅ When available	Online extract from KVK (~30 sec, 24h fast search dataset)
Uittreksel Handelsregister Historie (Trade Register History)	`tradeRegisterHistory`	PDF	✅ When available	Historical extract from KVK listing registration changes since incorporation (online flow)
Jaarrekening (Financial Statements)	`financialStatements[]`	PDF	✅ When filed	Annual accounts from KVK (delivered via email, 99-year fast search dataset)
Statuten (Articles of Association)	`articlesOfAssociation[]`	PDF	✅ When filed	Corporate statutes from KVK (delivered via email, 99-year fast search dataset)

Trade Register Extract: The Uittreksel is an HTML document fetched from the KVK website and converted to PDF for delivery. The HTML content is AI-parsed to extract structured data.

Document Delivery Methods: The trade register extract uses a direct online flow (fast, ~30 sec). Financial statements and statutes use a mail flow: the document is ordered from KVK, delivered via email, then downloaded and saved. This adds latency but is the only retrieval method available for these document types.

Document Listing: Documents are listed via four parallel KVK API calls: (1) trade register extract availability, (2) trade register history availability, (3) financial statements, (4) statutes. If one source fails, partial results are still returned. Only if all four fail is an error thrown.

Example API Responses

All examples use placeholder data. Query: POST /v2/company with { "id": "<id>", "countryCode": "NL", "dataPoints": ["company", "legalRepresentatives"] }

Active BV (Source: KVK)

{
  "company": {
    "id": "12345678",
    "countryCode": "NL",
    "identifiers": { "kvk": "12345678", "RSIN": "123456789", "VAT": "123456789B01" },
    "legalName": "Voorbeeld Tech B.V.",
    "activityDescription": "Ontwikkeling van software en IT-diensten.",
    "status": { "localName": "Ingeschreven", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
    "legalForm": { "localName": "Besloten Vennootschap", "englishTranslation": "Private Limited Company", "standardized": "Limited Liability Company", "iso20275Code": "54M6" },
    "capital": { "amount": 100000, "currency": "EUR" },
    "activities": {
      "SBI": [{ "code": "62010", "description": "Ontwikkeling en productie van software", "isAIInferred": true }],
      "NACE": [{ "code": "62.01", "description": "Computer programming activities", "isAIInferred": false }],
      "ISIC": [{ "code": "6201", "description": "Computer programming activities", "isAIInferred": false }]},
    "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Herengracht 100", "city": "Amsterdam", "postalCode": "1015 AA", "countryCode": "NL" }
  },
  "legalRepresentatives": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Bestuurder", "standardized": "Director" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Jan de Vries" }, "birthDate": { "year": 1980, "month": 5, "day": 15 } } },
    { "entityId": "person_002", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Gevolmachtigde", "standardized": "Authorized Signatory" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Anna Bakker" }, "birthDate": { "year": 1985, "month": 9 } } }
  ],
  "shareholders": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "sharePercentage": null, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Jan de Vries" } } },
    { "entityId": "company_001", "type": "company", "sharePercentage": 60, "company": { "legalName": "Holding Groep B.V.", "id": "87654321" } }
  ]
}

Closed NV (Source: KVK)

{
  "company": {
    "id": "98765432",
    "countryCode": "NL",
    "identifiers": { "kvk": "98765432" },
    "legalName": "Oude Fabriek N.V.",
    "activityDescription": "Vervaardiging van textielproducten.",
    "status": { "localName": "Uitgeschreven", "active": false, "statusDetails": { "status": "CLOSED" } },
    "legalForm": { "localName": "Naamloze Vennootschap", "englishTranslation": "Public Limited Company", "standardized": "Corporation", "iso20275Code": "B5PM" },
    "activities": {
      "SBI": [{ "code": "13200", "description": "Weven van textiel", "isAIInferred": true }],
      "NACE": [{ "code": "13.20", "description": "Weaving of textiles", "isAIInferred": false }],
      "ISIC": [{ "code": "1312", "description": "Weaving of textiles", "isAIInferred": false }]},
    "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Industrieweg 25", "city": "Rotterdam", "postalCode": "3024 AA", "countryCode": "NL" }
  },
  "legalRepresentatives": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Bestuurder", "standardized": "Director" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Pieter Jansen" }, "birthDate": { "year": 1965, "month": 3 } } }
  ]
}

Note: Closed companies have active: false and status Uitgeschreven (Deregistered). No detailed closure reason is available from the KVK.

VOF Partnership (Source: KVK)

{
  "company": {
    "id": "87654321",
    "countryCode": "NL",
    "identifiers": { "kvk": "87654321" },
    "legalName": "Bakkerij van den Berg V.O.F.",
    "activityDescription": "Vervaardiging van brood en banketbakkerswerk.",
    "status": { "localName": "Ingeschreven", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
    "legalForm": { "localName": "Vennootschap Onder Firma", "englishTranslation": "General Partnership", "standardized": "Partnership", "iso20275Code": "62Y3" },
    "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Kalverstraat 50", "city": "Utrecht", "postalCode": "3511 AA", "countryCode": "NL" }
  },
  "legalRepresentatives": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Beherend Vennoot", "standardized": "General Partner" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Pieter van den Berg" } } },
    { "entityId": "person_002", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Beherend Vennoot", "standardized": "General Partner" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Maria van den Berg" } } }
  ],
  "shareholders": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "sharePercentage": null, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Pieter van den Berg" } } },
    { "entityId": "person_002", "type": "individual", "sharePercentage": null, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Maria van den Berg" } } }
  ]
}

Note: VOF partners (Vennoten) appear as both legal representatives (with the canonical role Beherend Vennoot) and shareholders. Ownership percentages are typically not stated for partnerships, so sharePercentage is null.

Eenmanszaak -- Sole Proprietorship (Source: KVK)

{
  "company": {
    "id": "11223344",
    "countryCode": "NL",
    "identifiers": { "kvk": "11223344" },
    "legalName": "Consultancy Van Dijk",
    "activityDescription": "Advisering op het gebied van management en bedrijfsvoering.",
    "status": { "localName": "Ingeschreven", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
    "legalForm": { "localName": "Eenmanszaak", "englishTranslation": "Sole Proprietorship", "standardized": "Sole Proprietorship", "iso20275Code": "4QXM" },
    "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Keizersgracht 200", "city": "Amsterdam", "postalCode": "1016 AA", "countryCode": "NL" }
  },
  "shareholders": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "sharePercentage": null, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Sophie van Dijk" } } }
  ]
}

Note: For sole proprietorships, the owner (Eigenaar) appears as a shareholder. The entrepreneur is the company itself.

Stichting -- Foundation (Source: KVK)

{
  "company": {
    "id": "55667788",
    "countryCode": "NL",
    "identifiers": { "kvk": "55667788" },
    "legalName": "Stichting Kunstbehoud Nederland",
    "activityDescription": "Behoud en promotie van Nederlands cultureel erfgoed.",
    "status": { "localName": "Ingeschreven", "active": true, "statusDetails": { "status": "ACTIVE" } },
    "legalForm": { "localName": "Stichting", "englishTranslation": "Foundation", "standardized": "Nonprofit Organization", "iso20275Code": "V44D" },
    "legalAddress": { "addressLine1": "Museumplein 10", "city": "Amsterdam", "postalCode": "1071 DJ", "countryCode": "NL" }
  },
  "legalRepresentatives": [
    { "entityId": "person_001", "type": "individual", "role": { "localName": "Bestuurder", "standardized": "Director" }, "individual": { "name": { "fullName": "Willem de Groot" }, "birthDate": { "year": 1970, "month": 8, "day": 20 } } }
  ]
}

Note: Foundations (Stichtingen) have no shareholders — they are non-profit entities with a board of directors (Bestuurders). No UBOs are available from the KVK.

Available Documents (company example)

Documents are returned when "dataPoints": ["availableDocuments"] is requested.

API Category	Document	Notes
`tradeRegisterExtract`	Uittreksel Handelsregister PDF	When available (~30 sec, online flow)
`tradeRegisterHistory`	Uittreksel Handelsregister Historie PDF	When available (online flow)
`financialStatements[]`	Jaarrekening (annual accounts)	When filed, PDF format (mail flow)
`articlesOfAssociation[]`	Statuten (corporate statutes)	When filed, PDF format (mail flow)

Europe

North America

Asia

Offshore Centers

Start here

Netherlands coverage, pricing, and sources

Data Sources

Company Identifiers

Query Identifiers

Identifiers in API Response

Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)

Search Capabilities

Active companies only

Quirks & Gotchas

Company Status

Legal Forms

Without the extract (23 base forms)

With the extract (48 detailed forms)

Legal Representatives

Role catalogue

Full role enum

Role normalization

Fields extracted per legal representative

Other Key Persons

Shareholders

Dutch Terms for Shareholders

Extraction Logic

Ownership Fields

Reading an empty `shareholders` list

Activity Code Mapping

Company Profile (with Trade Register Extract)

Company profile without the extract (Search API only)

Data Availability Matrix

Documents by Company Type

All Companies

Example API Responses

​Start here

Netherlands coverage, pricing, and sources

​Data Sources

​Company Identifiers

​Query Identifiers

​Identifiers in API Response

​Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)

​Search Capabilities

​Active companies only

​Quirks & Gotchas

​Company Status

​Legal Forms

​Without the extract (23 base forms)

​With the extract (48 detailed forms)

​Legal Representatives

​Role catalogue

​Full role enum

​Role normalization

​Fields extracted per legal representative

​Other Key Persons

​Shareholders

​Dutch Terms for Shareholders

​Extraction Logic

​Ownership Fields

​Reading an empty shareholders list

​Activity Code Mapping

​Company Profile (with Trade Register Extract)

​Company profile without the extract (Search API only)

​Data Availability Matrix

​Documents by Company Type

​All Companies

​Example API Responses

Start here

Data Sources

Company Identifiers

Query Identifiers

Identifiers in API Response

Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)

Search Capabilities

Active companies only

Quirks & Gotchas

Company Status

Legal Forms

Without the extract (23 base forms)

With the extract (48 detailed forms)

Legal Representatives

Role catalogue

Full role enum

Role normalization

Fields extracted per legal representative

Other Key Persons

Shareholders

Dutch Terms for Shareholders

Extraction Logic

Ownership Fields

Reading an empty `shareholders` list

Activity Code Mapping

Company Profile (with Trade Register Extract)

Company profile without the extract (Search API only)

Data Availability Matrix

Documents by Company Type

All Companies

Example API Responses